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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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What are multipotent stem cells?
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They are cells that are able to differentiate into almost any type of cell in the body if given the right environment
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What is an example of a cell that produces may cells that make up the human body, and an even generate an entire organism?
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Fertilized human egg
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What type of cell is the human egg?
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Totipotent
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What is a key event in the emergence of life and why?
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Enclosure of biochemical reactions inside of a cell, concentrating them and separating them from the external environment
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What are the 3 important parts of the cell theory?
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1. Cells are the fundamental units of life2. All living organisms are composed of cells3. All cells come from preexisting cells
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What do cells use molecules for?
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-Transform matter and energy-To respond to their environments-To reproduce themselves
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Principles for functions of a single _____ are the same as those of all cells in your body
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Bacterium
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What was the origin of life on earth marked by?
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The origin of the 1st cells
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Life is ____
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Continuous
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What were Robert Hooke's discoveries about cells?
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-the volumes of cells range from 1 to 1,000 cubic micrometers-The eggs of birds are much larger-Individual cells of several types of algae and bacteria are large enough to be viewed with the naked eye-Neurons (nerve cells) volumes are in "usual" range and have fine projections that carry signals from one part of a large animal to another
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What range of size of objects can the electron microscope view?
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0.5 nm- 100 um
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What range of size of objects can the light microscope view?
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100 nm- 1 mm
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What range of size of objects can the unaided eye view?
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100 um- 1 km
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Why are cells small?
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1. Surface area-to-volume ratio as it increases in size (As object increases in volume, its surface area also increases but not at the same rate)2. Volume determines the amount of chemical activity it carries out per unit of time3. Surface area determines amount of substances that can enter cell from the outside environment, and the amount of waste products that can exit to the environment4. Surface area increases in proportion to the square of the radius5. Volume increases in proportion to the cube of the radius6. Cells must be small in volume in order to maintain a large enough surface area-to-volume ratio and an ideal internal volume
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What does the magnification do for a microscope?
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Increases size of object
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