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Cards In This Set
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What are the 5 characteritics of life?
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1. Complexity and Organization
2. Respond to the Environment (homeostasis)
3. Growth and Metabolism
4. Reproduction/Heredity
5. Evolve
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What are the 4 components of cell theory?
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1. All living things are made up of cells
2. Cells are the smallest living thing- the basic unit of life
3. Processes inherent to life occur within cells (metabolism, heredity)
4. All existing cells come from preexisting cells
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What limits cell size?
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The SA to Volume ratio
(cells volume increase faster than the surface area-> bigger cells need more stuff to live-> not enough SA to let in enough nutrients etc to feed cell--> cell doesn't get any larger)
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What are the two basic cell types?
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1. Prokaryotes (absence of membrane bound nucleaus)
2. Eukaryotes (presence of membrane bound nucleus)
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What are the 2 domains of Prokaryotes?
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Prokaryotes
1. Bacteria (Eubacteria)
2. Archaea (Archaeabacteria)
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What are 3 characteritics of Prokaryotes?
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1. No membrane bound nucleus
2. Tend to be small (1-10 Microm)
3. Dominant life forms on the planet
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What are the 5 components of the structure of a prokaryote?
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1. Nucleoid (compacted circular DNA, not membrane bound)
2. Cytoplasm (semifluid matrix that fills the cell: soluble cytosol and suspended particles)
3. Ribosomes ( the universal organelle)
4. Cell wall made up of carbohydrates
5. Plasma Membrane
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What are 3 characteristics of an eukaryotic organism?
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1. membrane bound nucleus
2. compartmentalization (different compartments, usually membrane bound, perform different functions) 3. More than one organelle( sub cellular component with a specific function, may be specialized) |
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What 7 structures/organelles make up a animal cell?
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1. Nucleus
2. Cytoplasm 3. Ribosomes 4. Endomembrane system (SER, RER) 5. Golgi Apparatus 6. Lysosomes 7. Mitochondria |
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What 10 structures/organelles make up a animal cell?
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1. Nucleus
2. Plasma Membrane 3. Ribosomes 4. Endomembrane system (SER, RER) 5. Golgi Apparatus 6. Lysosome 7. Central Vacuole 8. Chloroplast 9. Plasmodesmata 10. Cell wall |
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What 2 things does the nucleus do?
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1. Houses genetic info
2. Expression genetic info begins here |
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What are the 4 structure of the nucleus?
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1. Nuclear Envelope
2. Nucleolus 3. Nuclear Lamina 4. Chromatin |
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What is the structure and function of the nuclear envelope?
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Structure:
double membrane (2 bilayers) Function: 1. Pores to control traffic with cytoplasm 2. Outer layer connects to Endomembrane System |
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What is the structure and function of the nucleolus?
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Structure:
Specialized region within nucleus Function: site of rRNA synthesis ribosome assembly |
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What is the nuclear lamina?
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Its a mesh of proteins that gives the nucleus its shape found on the inner surface of the inner membrane
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