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An explicitly stated comparison using like or as
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Similie
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A comparison by direct assertion in which speaker or writer describes one thing in terms of another
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Metaphor
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The name of one thing is being used for another because the two are frequently associated or because one may suggest the other
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Metonymy
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A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole
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Synecdoche
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A thing, quality, idea is represented as a person
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Personification
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Words are addressed in an exclamatory tone to a thing regarded as a person or to an actual thing
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Apostrophe
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A word of phrase that is less direct is substituted because the writer believes that the direct for would be distasteful , offensive, or harsh
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Euphemism
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A negative statement is used to declare an affirmative truth
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Litotes
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A conscious exaggeration by the writer to give effect; no intention to deceive
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Hyperbole
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A writer or speaker uses words to denote the exact opposition of what the language declares
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Irony
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A concise figure or saying which is intentionally formulated to tax the ingenuity of the hearer or reader when he tries to explain it
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Riddles
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Fictitious story meant to teach a moral lesson
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Fables
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Statements that are so highly saturated with meaning that the hearer is perplexed because of the unpreparedness for that meaning.
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Enigmatic Sayings
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An extended simile
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Parable
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An extended metaphor
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Allegories
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