Behavioral Neuroscience Final Exam

Individuals with this disorder experience negation that causes them to deny their own existence or the fact that they are living. Nihilistic delusions, delusions of immortality, depression, anxiety. Associated with an underlying disorder.

Brain bleed where blood vessels rupture. 13% of strokes--> higher mortality rate than ischemic stroke.

Intracerebral (10%): artery within the brain ruptures. Brain tissue acumulates blood. Subarachnoid hemorrhage (3%): Artery on the surface of the brain ruptures. Blood accumulates in subarachnoid space just below the skull.

Blood vessel enlarges with constant pressure and weakens. Caused by stress, blood thinners, drug use, etc.

Tangled connection of blood vessels which dilate over time then burst. Congenital

MMP3 Halotype 2 Plasma tHcy and MTHFR 677 T-allele

Surgery to drain fluid-ventriculostomy. Isoflurane: reduces cell death Captopril and Losartan: restores normal cerebral blood flow

Obstruction in arteries leading to loss of blood flow to region and thus nutrients and oxygen. Buildup of glutamate.

Thrombotic: clot forms in narrow artery of brain Embolic: clot formed elsewhere in vascular system breaks off, travels through the bloodstream and gets caught in passages of brain.

Major depressive disorder or bipolar affective disorder. Only occurs in winter and has to last for 2 years. Caused by shortened photoperiods-->reduced ability to turn light into photosignals.

Caused by infectious Prion protein (malformed protein that affects surrounding proteins within brain). Transmitted through contaminated products, transplanted organs, blood transfusions, and consumption of organs. Incurable, death occurs in 6-8 months.

A type of partial onset epilepsy, most common form of refractory epilepsy.

Mesial TLE: most common. Hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, amygdala. Lateral TLE: Neocortex and outer surface of temporal lobe.

Single partial complex: epigastic sensation, hallucinations, deja vu, sudden intese emotions unrelated to the context. Complex partial: abnormal sensations, abdominal pain, SNS activation, abnormal mouth behaviors, muscle contractions, forced turning of head/eyes, loss of consciousness/memory

Synthesized from Choline and acetate. Primary NT found at neuromuscular junctions. Also found in cerebral cortex, thalamus, temporal lobe, amygdala, and brain stem. Involved in motor movements are REM sleep.Nicotinic Receptors: blocking can paralyze; involved in learning.Muscarinic: blocking depresses CNS and can cause hallucinations.