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The Butcher's Shop, Annibale Carracci
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Madonna with St. Matthew, Annibale Carracci - More people staring at you- was meant to draw in church-goers. Nobody in the Renaissance really did that.
- There's more setting in the background (outdoor landscape), less weird babies
- Emphasizes the human figures a bit more. Models may have been used, they're very distinct, but still very formal.
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The Choice of Hercules, Annibale Carracci, 1595-97 - On ceiling of Camarino, a Cardinal's private study
- Surrounded by small gilded scenes depicting four of Hercules' 12 labors.
- Hercules sitting in between Virtue and Vice, seems angled towards Vice at the moment. Vice has musical instruments but a forest that leads nowhere, and Virtue a dark gloomy path. Hercules tempted.
- Hercules "built" from sculptures around the Farnese gallery.
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Title/Artist + Context
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The Triumph of Bacchus and Ariadne, Annibale Carracci
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Landscape with Flight into Egypt, Annibale Carracci - Painted for a chapel in Rome
- Annibale one of the founders of idealized landscape painting. Inhabitants often shown relaxing, not working. All the good parts of the country without the work.
- Panoramic shot of Holy Family walking across countryside, size of buildings in back emphasize importance, meant to show the scale of their journey.
- Only Camels indicate that it's Egypt, background very plain to emphasize the bright of the family.
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Bacchus, Caravaggio, 1596 - Offers a glass of wine with the left hand, projecting out to the viewer (often still life is seen projecting off of tables)
- Not very idealized. Bacchus is typically older and well muscled, his is very young and looks like a real model.
- Super detailed- bubbles in decanter, dirt under fingernails.
- Critique: considered less talented than Annibale, didn't show as much imagination.
- Meant to warn of the delights of lust and gluttony
- Some homoerotic context?
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Calling of St. Matthew, Caravaggio - Matthew was a tax collector who converted, telling viewers that even assholes are wanted by Jesus.
- Meant to look like a spontaneous action
- Still confused about who is St. Matthew at the table.
- All wearing contemporary clothes, placing this event in their time period. This is still happening, you can still follow Christ.
- Naturalistic poses and people. Ft. Bravos (young, obnoxious, wealthy, wore tights, had feathers in hats)
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Death of the Virgin, Caravaggio, 1601-02 - Not a popular subject after the Renaissance
- Showed Virgin fully dressed in bed, but changed positioning. Surrounded by apostles.
- Was not well received- showed Virgin with feet exposed, not in a graceful position.Challenged decorum, appeared to be the deathbed of an ordinary woman.
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Entombment of Christ, Caravaggio, 1603-04 - Lowering Christ into the tomb
- All emotions are very restrained, except for Mary
- Did not use any other paintings on the subject for inspiration
- Presented as a stopped moment in his burial meant for meditation, not an idealized image
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David with the Head of Goliath, Caravaggio, 1606 - Caravaggio influenced by the idea of death, specifically decapitation, likely due to his own impending death if caught in Rome or killed for revenge
- David is much younger than other depictions
- Painted himself as Goliath, the decapitated head.
- David looks with compassion, is forgiving of his enemy. Church would've liked that message.
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Judith and Her Handmaiden with Head of Holofernes, Artemisia Gentileschi, 1625 - Artemisia is raped by her painting tutor Tassi, and after began painting multiple versions of Beheading Holofernes.
- In this one, we are past beheading and the maid is taking the head.
- Skill level has increased, there's an explained light source instead of just having dramatic lighting from outside the painting.
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St. Cecelia Distributing Alms, Domenichino, 1612-14 - St. Cecelia = patron saint of musicians
- Converted to Christianity with her family and they are killed for it
- Is giving away her husband/brother's clothes to the poor people in town
- Pastel color palette, busy composition feels mannerist. But actually more Baroque- the actions are based in reality. People fighting over clothes, mothers scolding children, etc.
- Not realism like Caravaggio, but may have been working off models pose-wise. Not all idealized, much more well lit than Caravaggio.
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Aurora, Guido Reni, 1614 - Ceiling painting, no compensation for viewpoint.
- Mythological- Aurora in front, women symbolize each hour of the day, with Apollo on his chariot.
- Lots of blues and golds, Carracci color scheme.
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Abduction of Helen, Guido Reni, 1631 - Stupidly popular painting, made fun of by other painters.
- From the Iliad- Paris kidnaps the Greek queen Helen which starts the Trojan war.
- Figures are casually strolling, not really a "kidnap". No sense of urgency. All very idealized.
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Aurora, Il Guercino, 1621 - Prestigious commission on the ceiling of the garden retreat of a cardinal.
- Goddess Aurora bringing day to the sky in her chariot, leaving her human lover behind.
- Everything with architecture painted by Tassi, but was a specialist in illusionist stuff. Begins to take your viewpoint into account.
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