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Ron is half as old as Sam, who is three times as old as Ted. The sum of their ages is 55. How old is Ron?
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The correct answer is C. Let T = Ted's age; S = Sam's age = 3T; R = Ron's age = , or . The sum of the ages is 55, which means T + 3T + = 55. To find the common denominator (2), you can add to the left side of the equation: T = 10. If Ted is 10, then Sam is 30, and Ron is , which is 15 years old.
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An Army food supply truck can carry three tons. A breakfast ration weighs 12 ounces, and the other two daily meals weigh 18 ounces each. Assuming each soldier gets three meals per day, on a 10-day trip, how many soldiers can be supplied by one truck?
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The correct answer is C. Three tons = 6,000 pounds. At 16 ounces per pound, 6,000 pounds = 96,000 ounces that can be carried by the truck. The total weight of each daily ration is 12 ounces + 18 ounces = 18 ounces = 48 ounces per soldier per day, and = 2,000. So days = 200 soldiers supplied.
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Based on the following information, estimate the weight of a person who is 5'5" tall.
Height
Weight
5'
110 lbs.
6'
170 lbs.
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A.
125
B.
130
C.
135
D.
140
E.
145
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A certain water pollutant is unsafe at a level of 20 ppm (parts per million). A city's water supply now contains 50 ppm of this pollutant. What percentage of improvement will make the water safe?
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The correct answer is E. An amount equaling 30 ppm of the pollutant would have to be removed to bring the 50 ppm down to 20 ppm (30 ppm is 60% of 50 ppm).
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A study shows that 600,000 women die each year in pregnancy and childbirth, one-fifth more than scientists previously estimated. How many such deaths did the scientists previously estimate?
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The correct answer is E. Let E = the estimate. One-fifth more than the estimate would be , or 120%, of E, so 600,000 = (1.20)(E). Dividing both sides by 1.2 leaves E = 500,000.
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A woman drives west at 45 miles per hour. After half an hour, a man starts to follow her. How fast must he drive to catch up to her three hours after he starts?
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The correct answer is A. The woman will have traveled 3.5 hours at 45 miles per hour for a distance of 157.5 miles. To reach her in 3 hours, the man must travel at 157.5 miles per 3 hours, or 52.5 mph.
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All of the rooms in a building are rectangular, with eight-foot ceilings. One room is nine feet wide by 11 feet long. What is the combined area of the four walls, including doors and windows?
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The correct answer is E. Each 9-foot wall has an area of 9(8), or 72 square feet. There are two such walls, so those two walls combined have an area of 144 square feet. Each 11-foot wall has an area of 11(8), or 88 square feet, and again there are two such walls: 88(2) = 176. Finally, add 144 and 176 to get 320 square feet.
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How much water must be added to one liter of a 5% saline solution to get a 2% saline solution?
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The correct answer is C. Use the equation .05(1) = .02(x), where x is the total amount of water in the resulting 2% solution. Solving for x, you get 2.5. Subtracting the 1 liter of water already present in the 5% solution, you will find that 1.5 liters need to be added.
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Newly hired nurses have to buy duty shoes at the full price of $84.50, but nurses who have served at least a year get a 15% discount. Nurses who have served at least three years get an additional 10% off the discounted price. How much does a nurse who has served at least three years have to pay for shoes?
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The correct answer is B. You can't just take 25% off the original price, because the 10% discount after three years of service is taken off the price that has already been reduced by 15%. Figure the problem in two steps: After the 15% discount, the price is $71.83. 90% of that—subtracting 10%—is $64.65.
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Jason is six times as old as Kate. In two years, Jason will be twice as old as Kate is then. How old is Jason now?
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The correct answer is A. J = 6K. J + 2 = 2(K + 2), so 6K + 2 = 2K + 4, which means K equals . J equals 6K, or 3.
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A patient's hospice stay cost one-fourth as much as his visit to the emergency room. His home nursing cost twice as much as his hospice stay. If his total healthcare bill was $140,000, how much did his home nursing cost?
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The correct answer is C. Let E = emergency room cost; H = hospice cost, which is E; N = home nursing cost, which is 2H, or 2()E. The total bill is E + H + N, which is E + E + E = 140,000. Add the left side of the equation to get E = 140,000. To solve for E, multiply both sides of the equation by . E = 140,000(), or 80,000. H = E, or 20,000, and N = 2H, or 40,000
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The first digit of the square root of 112,092 is?
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The correct answer is C. When a number is marked off in groups of two digits each, starting at the decimal point, the square root of the largest square in the left hand group, whether one or two digits, is the first digit of the square root of the number. In this case (11-20-92), 9 is the largest square in 11, and 3 is the square root of 9.
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Roberta draws two similar pentagons. The perimeter of the larger pentagon is 93 feet; one of its sides measures 24 feet If the perimeter of the smaller pentagon equals 31 feet, then the corresponding side of the smaller pentagon measures
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The correct answer is B. A proportion can find an unknown side of a figure using known sides of a similar figure; a proportion can also find an unknown side using known perimeters. = . Cross-multiply: 93s = (31)(24).
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Isadora wants to know the perimeter of the face of a building; however, she does not have a ladder. She knows that the building's rectangular façade casts a 36-foot shadow at noon, while a nearby mailbox casts a 12-foot shadow at noon. The mailbox is 4.5 feet tall. If the length of the façade is 54 feet, what is the measure of the façade’s perimeter?
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The correct answer is D. Using a proportion, find x: = . Cross multiply: 12x = 36(4.5); x = 13.5. Polygon CRXZ is a rectangle whose sides measure 13.5, 54, 13.5, and 54. To find the perimeter of rectangle CRXZ, add the measures of its sides together.
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Find the circumference, in meters, of a circle with a radius of 25 centimeters.
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The correct answer is A. You are given the radius, so use C = 2r. Plug in the radius and pi and multiply: (2)(3.14)(25) = 157. So your answer is 157 cm, or 1.57 m, choice A.
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