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- St. Micheal Ivory- Byzantine- Early 6th CBC
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- anthemius of tralles and isidorus of miletus hagia sophia, constantinople- Byzantine- 532- 537
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- emperor justinian and empress theodora from san vitale- Byzantine- 547 CE
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- madonna enthroned the mellon madonna- Byzantine- 13th C
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Early Christian and Byzantine churches are typically decorated in this medium:
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Mosaic
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Mosaics may use tesserae of glass and gold deliberately placed at irregular angles to create this effect:
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The gold glitters & gives effect of heavenly glow
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Churches in the ____ tend to be in basilica form and churches in the ____ tend to use a central plan.
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West, East
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The figures of Justinian in San Vitale are described having no physical form or eartly space, but as existing in an eternal present; how does the artist create this effect?
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Very flattened figures, w/o modeling, feet seem to float with pointed toes
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What are Justinian and Theodora holding? Why?
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A loaf of bread & cup of wine - elements of the sacrament of the eucharist transformed into body & blood of Christ. Emperor & Empress are main actors in this important ritual
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The square nave of Hagia Sophia is roofed with a circular dome; the triangular architectural feature makes a transition between the two shapes is called a :
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Pendentive
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The dome of Hagia Sophia seems to float because ____
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A row of closely spaced windows at the base
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Procopius describes the church, and suggests that the purpose of the design and decoration is ___
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One's mind is "lifted up towards God...feeling that He cannot be far away"
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In a 6th Century ivory in the British Museum, the presence of St. Michael is described as compelling because of it's disembodied quality; how does the artist create this effect?
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Inconsistent relationship between the figure & architecture (arms in front of & feet behind the columns)
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An ivory or a paining made in two parts hinged together is called a _______
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Diptych
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Controversy in the 8th Century concerned the use of images - whether they were useful aids to worship, or graven whose use was akin to worshipping idols. Emperor Leo III encouraged the destruction of all images; this destruction is called ____
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Iconoclasm
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