Art History List 3 for Midterm 2 Flashcards

The Western philosophy based on empirical evidence that dominated the 18^th century. The ______________ was a new way of thinking critically about the world and about humankind, independently of religion, myth, or tradition.

French, “amorous festival.” A type of Rococo painting depicting the outdoor amusements of French upper-class society.

A type of 18^th-century portrait painting designed to communicate a person’s grace and class through certain standardized conventions, such a the large scale of the figure relative to the canvas, the controlled pose, the landscape setting, and the low horizon line.

A woman in a Turkish harem (the separate part of a Muslim household reserved for wives, concubines, and female servants).

A style, primarily of interior design, that appeared in France around 1700. _________ interiors featured lavish decoration, including small sculptures, ornamental mirrors, easel paintings, tapestries, reliefs, wall paintings, and elegant furniture. The term _________ derived from the French word rocaille (“pebble”) and referred to the small stones and shells used to decorate grotto interiors.

In painting and sculpture, emphasizing a derived, essential character that has only a stylized or symbolic visual reference to objects in nature

The first major American avant-garde movement, __________ ________________ emerged in New York City in the 1940s. The artists produced __________ paintings that _________ed their state of mind and that they hoped would strike emotional chords in viewers. The movement developed along two lines: gestural abstraction and chromatic abstraction.

A place of study, derived from the name of the grove where Plato held his philosophical seminars. Giorgio Vasari founded the first __________ of fine arts, properly speaking, with his Academia di Disegno in Florence in 1563.

Also called gestural abstraction. The kind of Abstract Expressionism practiced by Jackson Pollock, in which the emphasis was on the creation process, the artist’s gesture in making art. Pollock poured liquid paint in linear webs on his canvases, which he laid out on the floor, thereby physically surrounding himself in the paint during its creation.

Literally, “Arabian-like.” A flowing, intricate pattern derived from stylized organic motifs, usually floral, often arranged in symmetrical palmette designs; generally, an Islamic decorative motif.

French, “advance guard” (in a platoon). Late 19^th and early 20^th century artists who emphasized innovation and challenged established convention in their work. Also used as an adjective.

A composition made by combining on a flat surface various materials, such as newspaper, wallpaper, printed text and illustrations, photographs, and cloth.

A variant of Post-Painterly Abstraction in which artists sought to reduce painting to its physical essence by pouring diluted paint onto unprimed canvas and letting these pigments soak into the fabric, as exemplified by the work of Helen Frankenthaler and Morris Louis.

Those pairs of colors, such as red and green, that together embrace the entire spectrum. The complement of one of the three primary colors is a mixture of the other two.

An early 20^th century Russian art movement formulated by Naum Gabo, who built up his sculptures piece by piece in space instead of carving or modeling them. In this way the sculptor worked with “volume of mass” and “volume of space” as different materials.