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• Burden of proof, a
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Applies to aff. & neg, as any advocate forwarding a claim must provide support sufficient to overcome the natural presumption against the claim.
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• Burden of proof, the
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Risk of the proposition; the obligation of the aff. in order to overcome the presumption
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• Burden of refutation
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The obligation to refute, or respond to, opposing arguments.
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• Presumption
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Predisposition favoring a given side in a dispute
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• Proposition
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A statement of judgment that identifies the central issue in a controversy. May be a proposition of fact, value, non-policy, or policy.
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Status quo
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The existing of things; the present system.
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• Definition of terms
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The advocate’s supported interpretation of the meaning of the words in the proposition
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• Fiat
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The convention in academic policy debate that, for the sake of argument, participants may assume implementation of a reasonable policy.
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• Issues
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Critical claims inherent in the proposition
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• Should
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Used in policy debate: intelligent self-interest, social welfare, or the national interest prompts an action that is both desirable and workable.
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• Stock issues
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Issues common to most debates on 5 types of propositions. In value debate: definite and designative; in policy they include harm, inherency, & solvency
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• Would
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In policy debate the argument over whether a certain proposition would or would not be actually adopted; made irrelevant by fiat power
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• Brainstorming
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A method of shared problem solving in which all of the member of a group spontaneously contribute ideas.
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• Brief
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An organized set of prepared arguments with supporting evidence
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• Card:
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Debate jargon for a single item of quoted material used in support of an argumentative claim
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