APUSH Review Terms Part 4

Concerened the survival of the combatants with mass destruction in the nations involved in WWII with everywhere except the US seeing fighting within their borders. second issue involved shape of the new world and what new political alliances would be formed.

Struggle between communism and capitalism. no actual combat. the major powers, the US and the soviet union, didnt enter into combat in the cold war, but the US did fight hot wars in Korea and Vietnam during this time.

The soviet union refused to acknowladge the conservative government of Poland in exile in england. A communist government took over poland

Stated after the communist insurgents in 1947 threatened to take over both greece and turkey, but england could no longer prop up these nations. Truman asked for $400 million to aid the countries, asserting that it much be the policy of the United STates to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or outside rpessures. became the cornerstone of containment.

Articulated by George KEnnan, came from the Long Telegram, which Kennan sent to washington from his duty station ing ermany. said the US would not instigate war with the Soviet union, but it would come to the defense of countries in danger of soviet takeover. policy aimed to prevent the spread of communism and encourage the soviets to abandon their aggressive tactics.

US plan to send more than $12 billion to Europe to help rebuild its cities and economy. in return for the money, countries were expected to become American allies. was offered to Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, no countries in the Soviet Sphere participated in the program, as stalin viewed it as futher evidence of US imperialism.

Created during Trumans presidency. created between the US and Western europe. was a nutual defense alliance in 1949. Truman did not have an easy time convincing congress that it was necessary.

Helped convince congress that NATO was necessary. when germany was divided in 1945 into 4 secors between England, US, France, and the Soviet Union. after learning that the 3 western blocs were going to merge their sectors into one country, the soviets responded by imposing a blockade on berlin.

Truman refused to surrender Berlin and ordered airlifts to keep that portion under Western control supplied with food and fuel. blockade lasted for almost a year. soviets gave it up

Formed after the soviet detonatd their first atomic bomb right after nato was formed in 1949. fear of soviet invasion or subterfuge led to the creation of the NSC (foreign affairs advisers who work for the president) and the CIA.

Issue under truman. after WWII US occupoed japan and its colonial posessions were divided up. the US took control of the pacific Islands and the southern half of Korea, whole the USSR took control of north korea. under general MacArthur, Japan wrote a democratic constitution, demilitarized, and started a remarkable economic revival.

Issue under Truman. the US sided with Chiang Kai-shek's nationalis government against Mao Zedongs communist insurgents, during Chinas 20 year civil war. dispite massive american aid,t he compmunists overthrew the nationalists whose government was exiled to Taiwan. The US refused to acknowledge the legitimacy of Maos regime for decades, creating another international hot spot.

Truman ordered investigations of 3 million federal employees in search of security risks in 1947. caused by anti communist paranoia. those found to have a potential achilles heel were dismissed without a hearing.

1949 former state department official alger hiss was found guilty of consorting with a communist spy (Nixon was the congressman mostly responsible for Hiss's downfall).

In 1950 mcCarthy claimed to have a list of more than 200 known communists working for the state department. changed the number several times. went on a campaign of innuendo that ruined the lives of thousands of innocent people. held years of hearings with regard to subvesrion.