APUSH Period 2

James Madison created these 10 amendments for the Anti-Federalists in 1791

1790-to pay off debt, tempt wealthy investors to buy stock, federal govt. should pay off remaining debt from revolution, provoked controversey

Madison first supported it but later disagreed, opposed reimbursing stock holders for face value, Hamilton rewarded irresponsibly

1790- Hamilton proposed bank to Congress, would help pay off debt through public stock offering, private investors could purchase shares, bank gets significant portion of money, Jefferson disagreed (Unconstitutional)

Property owners, merchants in Northern states, believed well-educated most fit to govern, powerful central govt. to hold county together

Small farmers, shopkeepers, laborers, believed in decency of common man, more direct democracy, viewed elites as corrupt, greater protection of individual rights, wanted stronger state govt at expense of federal govt, frequent elections, smaller districts

Hamilton's first serious crisis, created excise tax on domestically produced whiskey to make people drink less, agents were tarred and feathered, trials for evading tax be held in federal court, 1794- huge protests and rebellions

1795- John Jay, withdrew British troops from American soil, gained access to West Indian markets, Britain free to violate American neutrality

1796- Washington retired after 2 terms, insisted country should not be separated into parties, should unite as one country, America should not entangle in foreign affars, remain neutral

1798- France saw Jay Treaty as America alligning with Britain, began attacking Americans on British ships, Adams tried to negotiate, wanted money

1798- protect national security
1) Alien Enemies Act: whether citizens of hostile country posted threat to U.S. as spies, deported/jailed
2) Alien Friends Act: authorized president to expel foreigners who considered dangerous
3) Naturalization Act: increased U.S. citizenship requirement
4) Sedition Act: made punishable for anyone who criticezed against govt.

1798- challange validity of federal laws, protect liberty of the citizens
Kentucky: federal govt. violated Bill of Rights
Virginia: right of states to se aside a federal law found to be threat to liberty

1793- recquired judges to award possession of escaped slave to owner, runaways denied jury trial

Created cotton gin, actually invented by slave, separate cotton fibers from seeds
gun factory- interchangeable parts rifle

Taxes, armies, corruption destroy American Liberty, independent american farmers best to run community, election was revolution, appealed taxes and reduced army

1803- Madison refused to release Marbury's commission, Marbury petitions to supreme court, Marshall sides with Madison