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Citizen Genêt
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- French diplomat -- came to US (1793) to ask US gov to send $ + troops to aid revolutionaries (French Revolution)- Genêt began recruiting men + arming ships in US ports- Washington ask France to recall Genet- later allow Genêt US citizenship (learned new French gov. planned to arrest him)
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Neutrality Proclamation
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- Washington’s declare US not take sides after French Rev create a war b/t France + coalition (England, Austria, Prussia)- violation of the Franco-American Treaty of 1778
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Jay’s Treaty
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- 1794 - hope to settling conflicts b/t the US + Britain- Northwest posts and trade on the Mississippi River- unpopular w/ Americans: didn't punish Britain for attacks on neutral American ships- unpopular w/ France: US accepted British restrictions on the rights of neutral ships
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British seizure of American ships
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- Napoleonic Wars:- France block English ports--> England block French ports--> British seized neutral American merchant ships that tried to trade at French ports
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Pickney’s Treaty
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- 1795- b/t US + Spain- gave US the right to transport goods on Mississippi R. + store goods in Spanish port of New Orleans
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Battle of Fallen Timbers
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- early 1790's- British held trading posts in Ohio Valley + encourage Indian tribes to attack Americans- Americans defeat Indians in battle- IMPORTANCE: paved the way for American settlement of Ohio Valley.
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War of 1812
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- 1812 - 1814- b/t US + Britain- CAUSE: US outrage over impressment of US sailors + seizure of American ships- war give US excuse to seize British NW posts + annex Florida from Spain (Britain's ally)- US troops seized Florida- British burn Washington DC- Treaty of Ghent restored status quo - US give back Florida- Andrew Jackson’s troops defeat British at Battle of New Orleans (peace treaty already signed)- EFFECTS: strengthened American nationalism + encouraged growth of industry
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The Land Acts of 1800 + 1820and the Preemptive Acts of the 1830s + 1840s
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- lowered the price of land - made it easier for prospective settlers to acquire it. - encouraged people to move west.
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Louisiana Purchase
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- 1803- US buy land from Mississippi R. - Rocky Mnt. from Napoleon for $15 million- Jefferson interested: give US Mississippi R. + New Orleans (for trade and shipping)- Constitution did't give federal gov. power to buy land --> Jefferson use loose construction to justify purchase
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Toussaint L’Overture
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- 1803- Led lave rebellion - took control of Haiti- (French Island)--> led Napoleon to sell Louisiana to the U.S.
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Lewis and Clark expedition
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- 1804-1806- commissioned by Jefferson to map + explore Louisiana Purchase region- extensive maps of area and record many discoveries- EFFECTS: greatly facilitating later settlement of the region and travel to the Pacific coast
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Orders-in-council
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- British laws . (1807) permitted impressment of sailors - forbade neutral ships from visiting ports where Britain was excluded unless they first went to Britain and traded for British goods
- EFFECTS: led to the War of 1812
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Chesapeake-Leopard Affair
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- 1807- American ship Chesapeake refused to allow British on Leopard to board + look for deserters--> Leopard fire on Chesapeake--> US expel all British ships until Britain issued apology
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Embargo of 1807
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- forbid US trading ships from leaving US ports- meant to force Britain + France to change policies towards neutral vessels -- depriving them of American trade- difficult to enforce -- opposed by merchants + ppl whose livelihood depended upon trade- EFFECTS: hurt the national economy- replaced by Non-Intercourse Act
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Non-Intercourse Act
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- 1809- replaced Embargo of 1807- only forbid trade w/ France + Britain- difficult to enforce (can't control where ships go when they leave port)- no success in changing British or French policy towards neutral ships--> replaced by Macon’s Bill No. 2
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