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Andrew Jackson (General Facts)
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7th president of the united states
1828-1836 Tried to sell a public image of being a tough man and for the common people "King Jackson" for vetoing so much Led his Jacksonian Democrats, but wavered between states and union rights |
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Andrew Jackson Image (and contrast to his image)
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Sold commoners on the "tough military guy", for-the-common-man image -----> brought him lots of votes when the requirements for voting were lowered (many commoners voted for him)
was raised in the backcountry h/e, not common himself ---- he owned slaves, and was sypathetic to slavery rights often mixed with only the elite in society |
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Jacksonian Democracy
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"for the common man", opposed the elite
seeked to broaden public participation in politics favored expansion most supporters stemmed from the South or the West generally avoided laws concerning slavery (pro-slavery rights) |
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Spoils System
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System where after winning an election, the winner grants governmental positions to his/her followers or friends as a reward
Used by Jackson |
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Nullification Crisis
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Concerned the effect of the Tariff of 1828 on South Carolina and the efforts by that state to nullify the tariff ---> they were put down by soldiers ordered by AJ
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Tariff of Abominations (Effect)
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Tariff of 1828
AJ set a high tariff for the states, which angered South Carolina ----> they want to nullify it leads to Henry Clay trying to propose a compromise in 1832, where the tariff would be raised slowly over 10 years |
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Force Bill
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1833
In response to SC protesting for the nullification of the Tariff of 1828, where AJ ordered troops to force them to comply with the tariff |
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Ways Andrew Jackson supported Jacksonian Democracy principles
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- portrayed himself as a common man's person, a rough Western guy
- canceled the National Bank (ruled by the elite) - was anti- federal roads/canals - protected slavery rights ---> Gag Rule - pushed Indians out so that whites could expand |
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Ways Andrew Jackson did NOT support Jacksonian Democarcy principles
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- vetoed the hell out of everything ---> "King Jackson"
- pro-higher tariff on the south (Tariff of 1828/Force bill) - went against court ruling to grant Cherokee's their land (Worchester vs. Georgia) |
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Worchester vs. Georgia
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1832
Court case where John Marshall granted the Cherokee Indians the right to keep their land that they were given h/e, AJ kicks them out anyways, producing the trail of tears |
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Trail of Tears
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1831
result of AJ kicking Cherokees out of their granted land in Georgia very devastating to Indians -- many died/sick |
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Andrew Jakcson and National Bank
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- AJ vetoed the National Bank charter in 1832-
- he put the money in western, or "pep", banks ----> bad economic decision, and Congress censures him - eventually leads to the Panic of 1837 |
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Panic of 1837
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CAUSE:
AJ vetoed the national bank, which crashed the economy weak international trade IMAPCT: really hurt working class/businesses/banks wages go down, unemployment goes up, prices go up labor unions get crushed ethnic clashes over jobs: Irish vs. Free Blacks |
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Specie Circular
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1836
measure by federal government to require loan paybacks only in silver or gold, so that people couldn't give back worthless paper money protective measure against money borrowing for land speculation played a role in the Panic of 1837 |
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Democrats under Andrew Jackson beliefs
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Party of the commoner, working class
weaker federal government dislike American System and higher tariffs rugged individualism = key (less gov. interference) drew most support from South and recent immigrants in North opposed to legislating morality or slavery |
