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Cards In This Set
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When you are asked to describe a
distribution after looking at a graph, the general tactic is to look for an
overall pattern and also for striking deviations from that pattern. When describing the overall pattern, what features should you mention?
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SOCS - Shape, Outliers, Center and SpreadShape - normal, skewed,uniformCenter - Mean or medianSpread - Standard Deviation or IQR
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Instead of a dot plot or a stem plot, a ____ is
the most common graph of the distribution of one quantitative variable
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Histogram
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If there's a big hump on the left
side of a histogram and a long tail extending far out to the right, do we say
that the distribution is skewed right or skewed left?
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Skewed RIGHT
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Mary gets a test report saying
that 79% of the test takers fell at or below the score that she made. The name of the type of score she got is
what?
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Percentile
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In a relative cumulative
frequency graph, or ogive, the horizontal axis is for the values of the
variable you are looking at. For any
given value on the horizontal axis, what does the value on the vertical axis
stand for?
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The fraction of observations less
than or equal to that value
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If you are given a relative
cumulative frequency graph, and someone asks you to find the center of the
distribution, how do you do it?
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Find the value on the x-axis that has a 50% or
.5 value on the y-axis.
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If there is no middle value in a
data set because you have an even number of cases, how do you do find the median then?
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You find the mean of the two
center observations.
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Between the mean and median,
which of these is pulled farther in the direction of extreme values or
outliers?
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The mean
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If a distribution is highly
skewed to the right, which value will be lower: the mean, or the median?
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The median
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What's the definition of the
range of a distribution?
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The difference between the
largest and smallest value
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What's the chief problem with
using the range as a measure of the spread of a distribution?
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It's too sensitive to outliers,
and it depends on only two values in the data set.
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What's the definition of the
interquartile range?
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The third quartile minus the
first quartile.
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What's the rule of thumb for
defining outliers in terms of the interquartile range?
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An outlier falls more than 1.5 times the
interquartile range above the third quartile or below the first quartile
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.What five numbers are in the so-called five number summary?
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The minimum, the first quartile, the median, the
third quartile, and the maximum
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What type of graph gives a
picture of the five number summary?
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The box plot
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