AP Human Geography: Chapter 8: Political Geography

By turning to the global scale, one can consider what places the global world economy most affects, shapes, and benefits.

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Centrifugal
(adj.) Moving or tending to move away from a center.
Centripetal
(adj.) Moving or tending to move toward a center.
Devolution
(n.) The transfer or delegation of power to a lower level, especially by central government to local or regional administration.
Gerrymandering
(v.) Dividing unfairly to one’s advantage.
What is Mackinder's Heartland Theory?
The world can be ultimately ruled by land-based power, not sea power.
Nation
(n.) A group of people considered as one based on a sense of shared culture and history, and who seek some degree of self government.
Nation-state
(n.) A politically organized area in which a nation and state occupy the same space.
Sovereingty
(n.) Supreme power or authority.
State
(n.) A politically organized territory with a permanent population, a defined territory, and a government.
What are the 3 factors to Wallerstein's World Systems Theory?
1. The world economy has one market and a global division of labor. 2. Although the world has multiple states, almost everything takes place within the context of the world economy. 3. The world economy has a three-tier structure.
True or False: In Europe prior to the mid-1600s, sovereignty was expressed over people rather than over a territory.
False. Sovereignty was expressed over territory rather than people.
True or False: Once a body of people is incorporated within a political boundary they are a nation.
False. A body of people decide whether they are a nation or not by considering themselves as one/united or not.
True or False: Belgium is an example of a nation-state where nation and state coincide with boundaries.
True. The definition of a nation-state clearly proves that a nation and state occupy the same space or boundaries.
True or False: According to Hartshorne, centrifugal forces work to build a nation-state.
False. Centrifugal forces work to divide a nation-state.
True or False: As a federal state Nigeria vests judicial power in the various states. This is illustrated by the prevalence of Sharia law in Nigeria's Muslim north.
True. The state in Nigeria's Muslim north have legal systems based on traditional Islamic laws.