AP Human Geography Chapter 10

Deliberate modification of Earth's surface through cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain

Any plant cultivated by people

The reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants, such as cutting stems and dividing roots

The reproduction of plants through annual planting of seeds that result from sexual fertilization

The production of food primarily for consumption by the farmer's family

The production of food primarily for sale off the farm

The most productive farmland

Commercial agriculture characterized by the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations

A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period

Another name for shifting cultivation, so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris

A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning

A form of subsistence agriculture based on the herding of domesticated animals

Seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and low pasture areas

Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals, as well as land used for grazing

A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expand a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land