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Incumbent
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Already holding office. Usually win congressional elections.
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Casework
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Activities of Congressmembers that help constituents as individuals.
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Pork barrel
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List of federal projects, grants, and contracts available to cities, businesses, etc.
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Bicameral legislature
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Divided into 2 houses, like US Congress and every state except Nebraska.
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House Rules Committee
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Institution of the House of Reps. that reviews all bills (except revenue, budget, and appropriation) from committees before they go to House.
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Filibuster
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Senate strategy where opponents of a bill talk it to death because of "unlimited debate." 60 votes can end it.
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Speaker of the House
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Mandated by Const. Chosen by majority party, has formal and informal powers, and is 2nd in line to succeed president.
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Majority leader
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Partisan ally of Speaker/ manager of party in Senate. Schedules bills, influences commitee assignments, and rounds up votes.
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Whip
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Works with majority/ minority leader to count votes and lean on waverers.
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Minority leader
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Lead of minority party in House or Senate.
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Standing committee
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On separate subject-matters in different policy areas in each house of Congress.
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Joint committee
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On few subject-matter areas with members from both houses.
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Conference committee
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Formed when similar bills in each house. Smooths out the differences into a single bill.
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Select committee
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For a specific purpose, like Watergate.
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Legislative oversight
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Congress's monitor of bureaucracy and it's policy administration, usually through hearings.
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