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Conservation Biology
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Integrates ecology, physiology, molecular biology, genetics, evolutionary biology to conserve biological diversity at all levels
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Restoration Ecology
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Applies ecological principles to return ecosystems that have been disturbed by human activity to a condition as similar as possible to natural state
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Three levels of Biodiversity
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Genetic diversity, Species, diversity, Ecosystem diversity
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Benefits of nature diversity for humans
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Provides different crops, fibers, medicines,natural resources
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Ecosystem services
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Encompass all processes where natural ecosystems help sustain human life on Earth (ex: purify air/water)
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3 human threats to biodiversity
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-habitat loss-introduced species-overexploitation (overhunting)
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Extinction vortex
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Small population -- inbreeding/genetic drift -- loss of genetic variability -- reduction in individual fitness/adaptability -- lower reproduction -- higher mortality -- even smaller pop....
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Minimum Viable Pop (MVP)
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Minimal pop size at which a species can sustain its numbers and survive
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Effective Pop Size (EVP)
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Breeding-capable individuals of a pop
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2 approaches of pop conservation
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-small pop approach-declining pop approach
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Declining pop approach
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Determine what's making pop decline, help solve that in ecosystem
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Fragmentations/edges of ecosystems
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Where two ecosystems meet/blend together -- forms special ecosystems, very important to preserve
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Biodiversity hot spot
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Areas where so many endangered species live in high concentration
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Nature reserve vs. zoned reserve
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-saved areas in a sea of habitat degraded by human activity-area that includes areas relatively undisturbed by humans surrounded by human populated areas
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Bioremeditation
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Use of organisms (fungi,plants,prokaryotes) to detoxify polluted ecosystems
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