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Cards In This Set
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What is the definition of antimicrobial?
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An antimicrobial agent is any substance that inhibits the growth of or kills a microorganism
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What is a broad spectrum antibiotic effective against
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Gram +ve and Gram -ve bacterias
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What is a narrow spectrum antiobiotic effective against
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Effective against a narrow few bacterias. Either Gram +ve or Gram -ve
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Infection is one of the most common reasons for pre-term labour and SROM. True or False?
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TRUE
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Do antimicrobials cross the placenta?
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YES
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Fungal pathogens are 'opportunistic'... what does this mean?
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Means these organisms are already present in the body.
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What are some pharmacological treatments for Candida?
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Nilstat, Canistan. Monistat, Clotrimazole 3 & 6
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What is the name of an antiviral drug that is used to treat herpes simples virus?
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Acyclovir
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Some antibiotics are not absorbed from the gut so are given IMI or topically. True or False?
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TRUE
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What are some adverse effects of antimicrobials?
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Allergy, hypersensitivity, toxicity, super infection, resistance and therapeutic failure.
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Hypersensitivity to a drug can result in?
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A simpler skin rash and itching to a fatal anaphylaxis.
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When can drug toxicity occur?
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With an overdosage of medication, accumulation of the drug in the body over time or the inability to eliminate the drug.
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Describe a 'super infection'.
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Is when antibiotics kill the normal micro-flora of the skin or GI tract allowing resistant and more harmful microorganisms to take their place.
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Describe 'resistance'.
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Some organisms are resistant to certain antimicrobials because of their structure or metabolism.
Other microorganisms can acquire resistance after exposure to the antibiotic. Acquired resistance occurs when a particular microorganism obtains the ability to resist the activity of a particular antimicrobial agent to which it was previously susceptible. |
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Possible causes of therapeutic failure are?
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Wrong drug, dose or route
Drug resistance / tolerance Serious GI upsets Undetected organisms Minimum inhibitor concentrations not reached. Poor compliance. |
