Anthropology Chapter 8: Kindship Flashcards

Sense of being related to another person(s).
-Set by cultural rules (sometimes laws)
-Often taken for granted as being "natural" rather than cultural.
-Links with all aspects of culture
-Not all cultures define kinship on the basis of "blood."

-Descent
-Marriage
-Sharing

The tracing of kinship relationships through parentage. Kinship through birth into a particular group.

-Traces descent through only one parent, either the mother or the father.
-Basis of kinship in 60% of the world's cultures.
-Most associated with pastoralism, horticulture, and agricultural modes of livelihood.

-Kinship is traced through male line. Males dominate status, power, and property.
-Found among 45% of all cultures.
-Strongest versions found in South Asia (India, Pakistan) and East Asia.

Kinship is traced through female line. Women control land and products.
-Found among 15% of all cutlures.
-Found in southeast asia, south pacific and some parts of Europe, North America. Example: Minangkabu of Indonesia.

Descent is traced equally from both parents.
-Married couples live away from their parents (neolocal residence). Inheritance is allocated equally among all children regardless of their gender.
-Found in foraging, industrial, informatics cultures. Example: Euro Americans, Ju/'hoansi, Innu (Inuit)

A union between two people (usually), who are likely to be, but are not necessarily, coresident, sexually involved with each other, and procreative.
-Rules of exclusion, preference rules. Features such as age, height, looks, wealth, education. Cousin marriage in some cultures. Romantic love in some cultures. Marriage gift.

Marriage within a particular region or social category.

Marriage outside a particular region or social category.

Marriage between two people. Most common form of marriage cross-culturally.

Marriage with multiple spouses.

One man and more than one woman.

One woman and more than one man.

-World's largest matrilineal culture.
-Economy based mainly on rice farming.
-Some men and women work in cities and then return home.
-Women hold power through control of lineage land. -Sub-matrilineage groups of adult women and girls live together in a lineage house.
-Men & older boys often live separately.
-In household, senior woman controls power and makes all decisions.