Front | Back |
Name the 3 types of blood vessels
|
Arteries, veins, and capillaries
|
Name and describe the structure of arteries and veins
|
Arteries: arteries have three layers: a smooth inner layer; a strong, muscular layer; and a thin outer layer; connective fibers in artery walls allow for the elasticity needed for the artery to function; arteries are usually larger than veinsVeins: veins also have three layers: a thin outer layer, a middle layer and a smooth inner layer; veins are less muscular than arteries and have less elasticity
|
How can medium-sized arteries control the distribution?
|
Vasoconstriction- narrowingvasodilation- enlarging
|
How do arterioles regulate blood flow?
|
Precapillary sphincter
|
Describe the structure of capillaries
|
Single layer of endothelial cells, thin walls
|
Describe the differences between veins and capillaries
|
venules drain blood from capillaries to larger veinsvenules are smaller
|
Explain how veins return blood to the heart
|
Valves: endothelial tissue & skeletal muscles
|
What are the 3 circulatory routes?
|
Pulmonary, systematic, heptic portal
|
Describe (list the path of) the pulmonary circulation
|
Blood carried from right ventricle to lungs and back to left atrium and then left ventricle right ventricle-semilunar valve-pulmonary trunk-pulmonary arteries-lungs-pulmonary veins-left atrium-bicuspid-left ventricle
|
Describe the systematic circulation
|
Carries blood from left ventricle to all body parts and back to the right atrium
|
Describe the portal circulation
|
Blood supplied to intestine by superior and inferior mesentric arteries
|
List the factors that affect blood pressure
|
Vessel elasticity, cardiac output, blood volume, peripheral resistance
|
What is the difference between a red out and a black out?
|
Black out: when you quickly accelerate "upwards" relative to your seating position, effectively causing blood to rush away from your brain toward your legsred out: accelerating "downward" too quickly, causing a large amount of blood rushing to your brain and away from your lower body
|
What is meant by the term the heart is phasic?
|
Follows a pattern
|
What is blood viscosity?
|
A measurement of the thickness and stickiness of an individual's blood
|