Structure and Functions of Blood Vessels Flashcards

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20 cards   |   Total Attempts: 188
  

Cards In This Set

Front Back
Name the 3 types of blood vessels
Arteries, veins, and capillaries
Name and describe the structure of arteries and veins
Arteries: arteries have three layers: a smooth inner layer; a strong, muscular layer; and a thin outer layer; connective fibers in artery walls allow for the elasticity needed for the artery to function; arteries are usually larger than veinsVeins: veins also have three layers: a thin outer layer, a middle layer and a smooth inner layer; veins are less muscular than arteries and have less elasticity
How can medium-sized arteries control the distribution?
Vasoconstriction- narrowingvasodilation- enlarging
How do arterioles regulate blood flow?
Precapillary sphincter
Describe the structure of capillaries
Single layer of endothelial cells, thin walls
Describe the differences between veins and capillaries
venules drain blood from capillaries to larger veinsvenules are smaller
Explain how veins return blood to the heart
Valves: endothelial tissue & skeletal muscles
What are the 3 circulatory routes?
Pulmonary, systematic, heptic portal
Describe (list the path of) the pulmonary circulation
Blood carried from right ventricle to lungs and back to left atrium and then left ventricle right ventricle-semilunar valve-pulmonary trunk-pulmonary arteries-lungs-pulmonary veins-left atrium-bicuspid-left ventricle
Describe the systematic circulation
Carries blood from left ventricle to all body parts and back to the right atrium
Describe the portal circulation
Blood supplied to intestine by superior and inferior mesentric arteries
List the factors that affect blood pressure
Vessel elasticity, cardiac output, blood volume, peripheral resistance
What is the difference between a red out and a black out?
Black out: when you quickly accelerate "upwards" relative to your seating position, effectively causing blood to rush away from your brain toward your legsred out: accelerating "downward" too quickly, causing a large amount of blood rushing to your brain and away from your lower body
What is meant by the term the heart is phasic?
Follows a pattern
What is blood viscosity?
A measurement of the thickness and stickiness of an individual's blood