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Cards In This Set
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What is a tissue?
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Group of cells that are similar in structure
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What are the four types of tissue?
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Epithelium (covering), Connective (support), Muscle (movement), and Nervous (control).
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What is epithelial tissue? What are its functions?
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Lining, covering, glandular tissue. Functions: protection, absorption, filtration, and secretion.
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What are the special characteristics of epithelial tissue?
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Fit together to form sheets.
Apical surface - one free surface, exposed to outside. Have no blood supply (avascular). |
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How do you name epithelial tissue?
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Simple (one layer) and Stratified (more than one layer). Flattened (squamous), Cuboidal (squarish), Rectangular (columnar).
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Describe simple squamous.
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Single flattened layer on basement membrane.
Filtration or substance exchange: Lung air sacs, wall capillaries, serous membranes (membranes ventral cavity and cover organs in cavity). |
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Describe simple cuboidal.
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Single layer cuboidal cells on basement membrane.
Glands and ducts: salivary and pancreas, walls of kidney tubules, surface of ovaries. |
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Desribe simple columnar.
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Single layer columnar cells on basement membrane.
Goblet cells - produce mucus. Lines digestive tract. Mucous membranes - lines body cavities open to exterior. |
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Describe pseuodstratified colummnar.
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Some cells shorter than others.
Nuclei at different places. Looks stratified, but it's not. |
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Describe stratified squamous.
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Most common epithelia.
Several layers of cells. Free edge - squamous . Places that deal with friction: esophagus, mouth, outer part of skin. |
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Describe stratified cuboidal.
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Typically two layers of cells.
Ducts of large glands. |
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Describe transitional epithelial.
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Highly modified, stratified squamous epithelium.
Lining of a few organs: bladder, ureters, some of urethra; subject to considerable stretching. Basal Layer - cuboidal or columnar. Free edge - vary shape. Unstretched - dome shaped cells. Stretched - squamous. |
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Describe glandular epithelium.
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Gland - one of more cells that secret a product.
Endocrine gland - no ducts, secrete directly into blood stream (thyroid, adrenals, pituitary). Exocrine gland - ducts to epithelial surface (sweat & oil glands, liver, pancreas). |
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What is connective tissue? Describe it. What are some common characteristics?
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Connects body parts, most abundant tissue. Protect, support, bind together.
Common characteristics: variations in blood supply (most have supply some do not which heal slowly when hurt), extracellular matrix (nonliving substance outside the cells). |
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Describe extracellular matrix.
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Produced by connective tissue cells.
Secreted to the outside. Water is ground substance of matrix. Can be fluid, gel-like, or rock hard based on the amount of charged polsaccharides. Various fibers: Collagen, elastic, & reticular fibers. |
