African Midterm

a. The Narmer Palette b. Egypt, Archaic, Dynasty 1 or 3000 B.C. c. social perspective/ hierarchical scale d. divine kingship, king as god e. developed out of early pastoralists as much as farmers

a. The Step Pyramid b. Dynasty 3 c. Imhotep d. first known architect in history e. house columns of papyrus f. borrowed by the Greeks and thus became part of “western” architecture

a. Menkaure and his wife b. Egyptian, 2490 – 2472 B.C. c. idealized, representing the office of kingship more than the individual ruler, shows divine aspect of kingship, orientation, rigid pose, symmetry

a. colossal statue of Akhenaten b. Egyptian, Dynasty 18 c. to show himself as both male and female and a god, different then everyone else d. gods on earth, responsible for fertility, father/mother of their people

a. Pyramids at Meroe b. Kush, c. 300 BC – 300 CE
c. steeper angle, smaller size, tombs always under pyramid so pyramid had to be built after king’s burial

        a. Shield ring from Queen Amanishaketo’s pyramid, Meroe b. Kush, 1^st century BCE c. Naqa, Upper Nubia d. Amon
e. ornament for headdress

        a. Temple of Apedemak at Naqa b. Kush, Nubia, 1^st century CE c. temple is dedicated to a Meroitic rather than Egyptian god d. has one enclosed room rather than a series of courts, halls, and buildings, e. king and Candice/queen smiting enemies f. Egyptian art g. different proportions, heavy figure of queen, queen slays enemies too

         a. Reserve Head b. Kush, Nubia, 4^th century CE c. extremely abstract d. scarification

         a. Terracotta Horseman b. Jenne c. Mali d. 800 – 1600 CE e. long head, protruding jaw/beard, bulging eyes, multiple “eyelids”, tubular limbs f. most have been looted rather than excavated by archaeologists; it is not known which modern people the Jenne culture was related to, so using modern Malian beliefs/practices to explain Jenne art is risky

       a. Gwandusu Figure b. Bamana c. Mali d. dedicated to women who have ad difficulty coneiving, delivering and rearing healthy children e. blacksmiths f. washed/bathed

       a. Jonyele Figure b. Bamana c. Mali d.  dedicated to women who have ad difficulty coneiving, delivering and rearing healthy children e. Southern f. small statues remind both elders and eligible girls that the young men are seeking brides

         a. Chi-Wara Mask b. Bamana c. Mali d. agricultural labor
e. mythical antelope that taught agriculture, plus similarity of hoofed/clawed animals to humans breaking up ground with hoes

        a. Mudcloth b. Bamana c. Mali d. painting/dyeing with iron-rich black mud e. absorb blood/nyama after excision f. it is given to an elder woman sponsor who will later be buried in the cloth in order to protect the mourners g. abstract

         a. Komo Mask b. Bamana c. Mali d. social, political, religious and judicial association e. f. g. intimidate new initiates into secrecy, worn by group member who gives prophecies in a trance state, detects witches, presides over punishments h.

        a. Wood Sculpture b. Dogon c. Mali d. used to represent a worshipper and his/her needs or problem and remind the supreme god of the worshipper’s request e. prayer for rain, for forgiveness or for crops to grow f. sacrificial porridge beer and animal blood g. Jenne terracottas h. build up power, become dangerous i. left in caves/ cliffs to decay, buried in trunks, sold