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What are the 3 patterns of hormone secretion?
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Constant secretion
acute response
cyclic secretion
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Define constant secretion
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Hormones are constantly produced by the body, the control mechanisms simply raise or lower this constant level of secretion.
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Define acute response
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Hormone -very low levels until a particular stimulus occurs. production increases quickly. Once the stimulus goes away,production drops off quickly.
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Define cyclic secretion
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Hormones which follow this pattern are secreted on a regular, predictable cycle.
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 The graphs below illustrate the level of hormones in the body at a given time. Indicate which of the three secretion patterns they represent. |
The graph in (a) represents the cyclic secretion
The graph in (b) is constant secretion
The graph in (c) represents acute response
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What are the two types of hormone receptors?
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Membrane-bound receptors and intracellular receptors
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Define membrane-bound receptors
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Membrane-bound receptors are located on the plasma membrane of the target cell. The hormone fits into the receptor like a key fits into a lock.
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Define intracellular receptors
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A hormone interacts with a receptor, stimulating the cell to synthesize and secrete a new protein.
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A hormone interacts with a receptor, stimulating the cell to synthesize and secrete a new protein. Is the receptor intracellular or membrane-bound?
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Intracellular receptor
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What kinds of hormones stimulate membrane-bound receptors?
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Protein or peptide hormones and Some amine hormones.
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What kind of receptor is used to respond to the sex hormones (estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone)?
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Sex hormones are steroids, so they must reach intracellular receptors
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Epinephrine increases certain smooth muscle contractions by stimulating the release of calcium ions in the smooth muscle cell. Is the receptor intracellular or membrane-bound?
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Membrane-bound receptor
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Define Prostaglandins -
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Biologically active lipids which produce many effects in the body, including smooth muscle contractions, inflammation, and pain.
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What do prostaglandins do?
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Biologically active lipids which produce many effects in the body, including smooth muscle contractions, inflammation, and pain
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