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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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What causes dumping syndrome to occur? when do symptoms usually occur? what are they?
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Can occur after surgery in which a person has removed a large portion of the stomach or pyloric sphincter. Sx usually occur immediately after eating or within 15-30 mins. Sx: weakness, sweating, palpitations, dizziness, abdominal cramps, borborygmi(rumbling of fluids/gas in the stomach), and the urge to defecate.Symptoms last no longer than an hour
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H2 receptors blockers: what are condition(s) are they used to treat and what is their action?
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Used to treat PUD, and GERD; block the action of histamine on H2 receptors
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PPIs: what condition(s) are they used to treat and what is their action?
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PUD/GERD; block ATPase enzyme (chemical pump), which is important for secretion of HCl acid
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In which GI condition might antibiotics be used? why? describe the treatment.
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Used in PUD/IBD.
-In PUD to eradicate H. pylori infection. No single agents have been effective therefore a combination of 2-3 agents is used. flagyl, tetracycline, amoxicillin, Tritec with Biaxin -IBD: to prevent or treat secondary infections: ex. Metronidazole, CIprofloxacin, Clarithromycin |
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Antacids: used to treat what condition(s)? what is it's action?
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PUD/GERD; increase gastric pH by neutralizing HCl acid
be aware that antacids has unfavorable interaction with Magnesium hydroxide (diarrhea) and aluminum hydroxide (constipation) |
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Crcytoprotective drug therapy (sucralfate, misprostol-Carafate, Cytotec): used to treat what condition(s)? what is it's action?
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Used to treat PUD/GERD: used from short term treatment and accelerates ulcer healing by forming a protective coating around ulcer. Must be taken prior to meals and prior to administration of other meds
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Anticholinergic drugs are used to treat this condition because they decrease cholinergic stimulation of HCl acid and decrease gastric motility
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PUD
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Promotility drugs are used in this condition because they increase peristalsis in the esophagus, increase gastric emptying, and increase LES pressure. What condition and what is an example drug?
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GERD; Metoclopramide (Reglan)
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Aminosalicylates, the principle drug used in the tx of IBD, work how? what are examples?
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They decrease GI inflammation and are effective in achieving and maintaining remission; examples: Sulfasalazine (azulifidine)- usually systemically, Rowasa-used directly via enema, and Mesalamine- used as suppository
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Corticosteroids are used in _____ to decrease inflammation and achieve remission. Also helpful in acute flare ups and can be used systemically via iv or oral route, or topically via suppository or foam enema.
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IBD
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When are immunosuppressants used in pts with IBD? What is required? what are examples?
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Most often when pts do not respond to aminosalicylates, antimicrobials, or corticosteroids. Requires regular CBC monitoring and examples include azithroprine and cyclosporine
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Used in IBD to decrease GI motility
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Antidiarrheals (Loperamide, Lomotil)
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Used in IBD to correct iron deficiency and promote healing
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Hematinics and vitamins
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Occur due to erosion of the GI mucosa which creates an ulcer. What disease process? describe the vicious cycle that worsens this disease?
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PUD; the backflow of acid/pepsin leads to inflammation causing a release of histamine which causes dilation and a further release of acid/pepsin leading to further erosion of the mucosa
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In PUD, ulcers can be defined as?
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Acute or chronic and gastric or duodenal
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