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At this second appearing to take the oath of the Presidential office there is less occasion
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For an extended address than there was at the first.
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Then a statement somewhat in detail of a course
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to be pursued seemed fitting and proper.
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Now, at the expiration of four years, during which public declarations have been constantly
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Called forth on every point and phase of the great contest which still absorbs the attention and
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Engrosses the energies of the nation,
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little that is new could be presented.
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The progress of our arms, upon which all else chiefly depends, is as well known to the public as
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To myself, and it is, I trust, reasonably satisfactory and encouraging to all.
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With high hope for the future,
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no prediction in regard to it is ventured.
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On the occasion corresponding to this four years ago all thoughts were anxiously directed
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To an impending civil war.
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All dreaded it,
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All sought to avert it.
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While the inaugural address was being delivered from this place, devoted altogether to saving the
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Union without war, insurgent agents were in the city seeking to destroy it without war--
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Seeking to dissolve the Union and divide effects by negotiation.
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Both parties deprecated war, but one of them would make war rather than let the nation survive,
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And the other would accept war rather than let it perish,
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And the war came.
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One-eighth of the whole population were colored slaves, not distributed generally over
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The Union, but localized in the southern part of it.
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These slaves constituted a peculiar and powerful interest.
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All knew that this interest was somehow the cause of the war.
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To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest was the object for which the insurgents would
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Rend the Union even by war, while the Government claimed no right to do more than to restrict
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The territorial enlargement of it.
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Neither party expected for the war the magnitude or the duration which it has already attained.
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