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Theory
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A set of ideas that provides a framework for asking questions about a phenomenon, as well as gathering and interpreting information about that phenomenon
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Biological approach
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Belief that symptoms are caused by a biological factor, such as a genetic vulnerability
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Psychological approach
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Belief that symptoms are rooted in psychological factors, such as belief systems or early childhood experiences
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Social approach
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Beleif that symptoms are caused from interpersonal relationships and the social envrionment
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Vulnerability-stress models
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People must carry a vulnerability to the disorder in order to develop. in order for the person to develop the disorder, he must experience some type of stress, or trigger.
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Cerebral cortex
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Area of the brain involved in many of our most advanced thinking processes.
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Hypothalamus
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Area of the brain which regulates eating, drinking, and sexual behavior; also influences basic emotions
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Limbic system
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Collection of structures that are closely interconnected with the hypothalamus and appear to exert additional control over some of the instinctive behaviors regulated by the hypothalamus, such as eating,
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Neurotransmitters
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Biochemicals that act as messengers, carrying impulses from one neuron, or nerve cell, to another in the brain and in other parts of the nervous system.
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Synapse
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Slight gap between the synaptic terminals and the adjacent neurons where the neurotransmitter is released
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Receptors
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Molecules on the membranes of adjacent neurons where the neurotransmitter binds
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Reuptake
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Occurs when the initial neuron releasing the neurotransmitter into the synapse reabsorbs the neurotransmitter, decreasing the amount left in the synapse
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Degradation
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Occurs when the receiving neuron releases an enzyme into the synapse that breaks down the neurotransmitter into other biochemicals
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Endocrine system
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A system of glands which produces many different chemicals called hormones, which are released directly into the blood
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Hormone
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Carries messages throughout the body, potentially affecting a person's moods, levels of energy, and reactions to stress
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