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Cards In This Set
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Initially, what is our skeleton mainly composed of (this is after conception)
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Our skeleton is made up of cartilage (hyaline) and fibrous membranes (this helps with flexibility and mitosis) ......this is soon replaced by bone except in areas that require a flexible skeleton as adults
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What is skeletal cartilage made of
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A variety of cartilage tissues (each are molded to fit a certain location and function)
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What does cartilage tissue consist of? is is vascular or avascular?
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It consists primarily of water (this helps it to spring back after being compressed) and it is avascular
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What surrounds the cartilage tissue
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The perichondrium - a layer of dense irregular connective tissue
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What does the perichondrium do
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It surround the cartilage like a girdle, helps cartilage resist outward expansion, it contains the blood vessels for nutrient delivery to the cartilage
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What cell makes up the cartilage (all three types of cartilage)
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Chondrocytes, which are encased in small cavities called lacunae located in the jelly-like extracellular matrix
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What are the 3 types of cartilage tissue
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Hyaline, elastic and fibrocartilage
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What are some characteristics of hyaline cartilage
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-it provides support, flexibility and resilience.....-it is the most abundant skeletal cartilage.....-has fine collagen fibers only in its matrix (can't see it)
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What types of cartilage does skeletal hyaline cartilage include
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-articular cartilage (covers the ends of the most bones of joints)........ -costal cartilage (connect the ribs to sternum).......-respiratory cartilage (form the skeleton of the larynx and reinforce other respiratory passageways).....-nasal cartilage (support the external nose)
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What are some characteristics of elastic cartilage
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Similar to hyaline cartilage but has elastic fibers.....can better stand up to repeated bending.....only found in the external ear and the epiglottis
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What are some characteristics of fibrocartilage
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-it is highly compressible, it has great tensile strength......-had parallel rows of chondrocytes that alternate with thick collage fibers.....-found in areas that are subjected to both pressure and stretch (menisci of knee and vertebral discs)
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What are the 2 ways cartilage grows
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-appositional growth and interstitial growth
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What is appositional growth
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Cartilage forming cells in perichondrium secrete matrix against the external face of the existing cartilage tissue (new matrix is laid down on surface of cartilage) (chondroblast apply extra coat of ECM)
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What is interstitial growth
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The chondrocytes within the lacunae divide and secrete new matrix, expanding cartilage from with (new matrix made within cartilage)
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When does cartilage growth end?
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At adolescence (when the skeleton stops growing)
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