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Overconfidence phenomenon
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The tendecy to be more confident than correct, to over estimate the accuracy of ones beliefs.
ex, HIV+ woman picture , the video |
Confirmation bias
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We are eager to verify our beliefs, but less inclinded to disprove them.
ex. domineering self image |
Cognitive Confirmation Bias
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Processing information about a particular person in way that supports/confirms the schema: It allows us to:
- interpret behavior as consistent -remeber behavior as cosistent - biased hypothesis testing |
Behavioral confirmation bias
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Type of self-fulfilling prophecy, whereby peoples social expectations leads them to act in ways that confirms others expectations
ex. teacher expectancies |
Transference bias
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Somtimes you remember seeing someone at a party, and that person reminds you of someone, this could be a negative or postive reaction.
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Heuristics
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Type of thinking strategy that enables quick and efficient judgments
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Schemas
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Mental templates, that helps us organize our worlds.
role of schemas: - simplify and understand things - guides infromation processing in a quick and efficient way -allows us to acitvely interpret and contruct our reality |
Priming
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Activating associations in memory
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Representative heuristic
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The tendency to persume (despite contrary odds) that someone or something belongs to particular group is they resemble (represent) a typical member.
ex. linda, feminsit movement |
Availability heuristic
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Cognitive rule that judges the likelihood of something in terms of its availability in memory
ex. iraq or tanzania |
Self-concept:
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A persons answers to the question who am I?
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Self-esteem:
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A person overall self evaluation or sense of self worth
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Working self-concept:
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The particular aspects of the self that is assessed at the moment
ex. Mother, caring, and organized, hard working. |
Self complexity:
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Whether ppl think of themselves as having many distinct qualities.
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Individualist self (independent self) + quote:
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Giving priority to ones own goals over group goals & defining ones identity in terms of personal attributes, rather than group identification.
" The squeaky wheel, gets the grease" |