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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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What was the historical rugby relationship between New Zealand and South Africa?
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New Zealand and South Africa began playing rugby in the 1880s. There was always potential racial tension but it worsened with Apartheid in 1948
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What issue became the focus of protest here in 1960 regarding touring South Africa?
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Two years before the scheduled tour of South Africa in 1960 the N.Z. Rugby Union began selecting a whites only All Black rugby team. 156,000 New Zealanders petitioned
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What action did the United Nations take against South Africa in 1968?
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The United Nations called for sporting boycotts of South Africa in 1968, 1970 and 1971.
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What status did the South African government give to Maori members of the visiting 1970 All Black team?
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When the All Blacks toured S.A. in 1970, the term “honorary whites” was given to 4 Maori/Polynesian players to enable them to tour under South African law.
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Why did some people see the 1970 tour to South Africa as the last straw?
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Some people believed that the All Blacks touring as honorary whites was hypocritical and unacceptable.
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What was HART?
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HART stands for Halt All Racist Tours. It was founded in 1968 by Trevor Richards, Tom Newnham and John Minto.
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Who or what was a KEEPOOS?
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Activist Tim Shadbolt referred to people who wanted to keep politics out of sport as KEEPOOS.
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Why did Norman Kirk cancel the proposed Springbok tour to New Zealand in 1973
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Prime Minister Norman Kirk cancelled the 1973 Springbok tour because of the threat of violence and the impact on N.Z. hosting the Commonwealth Games
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How did New Zealand's tour of South Africa in 1976 gain international attention?
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When the All Blacks toured South Africa in 1976, NZ was seen as supporting apartheid so over 25 African nations decided to boycott the Montreal Olympics because N.Z. was there.
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What was the aim of the
Gleneagles Agreement? |
The Gleneagles Agreement, made by Commonwealth Heads of Government tried to condemn apartheid but left countries to take their own approach.
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In your opinion, did the Muldoon government act in accordance with the Gleneagles Agreement in 1981?
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Prime Minister Muldoon, always claimed that he was upholding Gleneagles and he would not interfere in sport. Others disagreed and thought the government should have stopped rugby tours.
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Why did the Muldoon government not stop the Springbok tour in 1981?
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The National government of Robert Muldoon, was elected on an election promise not to interfere in sport.
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Why did support for the tour appear to be strongest in provincial centres?
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Support for the tour seemed strongest in provincial centres because rugby was more central to the community.
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What specific actions did the police take to ensure the tour could proceed?
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The police tried to prepare for demonstrations and protests by training two riot squads
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What are the estimates of
How much “Operation Rugby” cost the taxpayers of New Zealand |
The NZ police estimated the cost of keeping law and order during the 81 tour at $15m.
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