How to Study 12 Cranial Nerves Lists Flashcards

Olfactory nerve transmits the sense of smell located in the olfactory foramina of ethmoid

Optic nerve transmits visual information to the brain located in optic canal

-oculomotor nerve -inervates levatator palpbrae superioris, superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus, and inferior oblique (these perform most eye movements) -located in superior orbital fissure

-trochlear nerve -innervates the superior oblique muscle, which depresses, rotates laterally (around the optic axis), and intorts the eyeball -located in superior orbital fissure

-trigeminal nerve -receives sensation from the face and innervates the muscles of mastication -located in the superior orbital fissure (ophthalmic branch), foramen rotundum (maxillary branch), and foramen ovale (mandibular branch)

-Abducens nerve -innervates the lateral rectus, which abducts the eye -located in superior orbital fissure

-Facial nerve -provides motor innervation to the muscles of facial expression and stapedius, receives the special sense of taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, and provides secretomotor innervation to the salivary glands (except paratid) and the lacrimal gland -located and runs through internal acoustic cnal to facial canal and exits atstylomastoid foramen

-vestibulocochlear nerve -senses sound, rotation and gravity (essential for balance and movement) -located in the internal acoustic canal

-glossopharyngeal nerve -Receives taste from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue, provides secretomotor innervation to the parotid gland, and provides motor innervation to the stylopharyngeus (essential for tactile, pain, and thermal sensation). Some sensation is also relayed to the brain from the palatine tonsils. Sensation is relayed to opposite thalamus and some hypothalamic nuclei -located in the jugular foramen

-vagus nerve -Supplies branchiomotor innervation to most laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles; provides parasympathetic fibers to nearly all thoracic and abdominal viscera down to the splenic flexure; and receives the special sense of taste from the epiglottis. A major function: controls muscles for voice and resonance and the soft palate. Symptoms of damage: dysphagia (swallowing problems) -located in jugular foramen

-accessory nerve (or cranial accessory nerveor spinal accessory nerve) -Controls muscles of the neck and overlaps with functions of the vagus. Examples of symptoms of damage: inability to shrug, weak head movement, velopharyngeal insufficiency -Located in the jugular foramen

-Hypoglossal nerve -Provides motor innervation to the muscles of the tongue and other glossal muscles. Important for swallowing (bolus formation) and speech articulation. -located in the hypoglossal canal

#1 olfactory nerve #2 optic nerve #8 vestibulocochlear nerve

#3 oculomotor nerve #4 trochlear nerve #6 abducens nerve #11 Accessory nerve #12 hypoglossal nerve

#5 trigeminal nerve #7 facial nerve #9 glossopharyngeal nerve #10 vagus nerve